Part of Speech

     One way to begin studying basic sentences stuctures  in English to identify the traditional Part of Speech (also known as word classes). 
Part of Speech are the basic types of words that English has. Most grammer books say that there are eight parts of speech :

noun,verb,adjective,adverb,pronoun,conjuntion,preposition,and interjection.

     Each part of speech explains not what the word  is but how the word is used. In fact,the same word can be a noun in one sentences and a verb or adjective in the next.It is important to be able to recognize and identify the different types of words in English, so that you can understand grammar explanations and use the right word form in the right place. Here is a brief explanation of what the parts of speech are:

1.NOUN

A noun is a naming word. Noun is everything we see or we can talk about and show people, objects, places, plants, animals, ideas and so on. Examples: cowboy, theatre, pen, thought, motorcycle, kindness, arrival,etc.

Nouns are divided into: 

1.Concrete Nouns : box, tree, table, chai,etc.

2.Abstract Nouns :  happiness, kindness, sadness, courag,etc.

2.VERB

A verb is a word which describes an action (doing something) or a state (being something).Verb is a word that shows the name of the deeds done by the subject, but perhaps also to indicate the state.Examples: walk, talk, think, believe, live, like, want,etc.

Verbs are divided into:  

1.Finite Verbs : walk, talk, grow, sleep,etc.

2.Auxiliary Verbs : is, am, are, was, were, have, can, migh,etc.

3.Linking Verbs : see, stay, appear, sound, taste, feel,etc.

4.Transitive Verbs : read, build, write, open, close,etc.

5.Intransitive Verbs : freeze, rise, boild, cr,etc.

6.Regular Verbs : called, joined, phoned,etc.

7.Irregular Verbs : writted, read, spoken, rang,etc. 

3.ADJECTIVE

An adjective is a word that describes a noun. It tells you something about the noun.

In English.Examples: big, yellow, thin, amazing, beautiful, quick, important,etc.

Adjectives (adj) divided into: 

1.Quality Adjectives

2.Possessive Adjectives

3.Demonstrative Adjectives

4.Interrogative Adjectives

5.Quantity Adjectives

6.Numeral Adjectives

7.Proper Adjectives

8.Distributive Adjectives

Examples of  Adjective sectences:

• My pen is cheap –> Possessive
  
• That doll is on the box –> Demo
• You look sweet –> Quality
  
• Whose paper is this? –> Interrogative
  
• Some books are in the drawer –> Quantity
  
• I have two books –> Numeral
  
• Kaka is Brasilian –> Proper
  
• I can read every book in the library –> Distributive

 4.ADVERB

An adverb is a word which usually describes a verb. It tells you how something is done. It may also tell you when or where something happened.Examples: fastly, intelligently, well, yesterday, tomorrow, here, everywhere,etc.

Adverbs divided into : 

1.Simple Adverbs

2.Interrogative Adverbs

3.Relative Adverbs

Examples of  Adverb sentences:

• She is singing in the studio right now –> Simple adverbs
  
• Where do you live?-> interrogative adverbs
• This is the hotel where he stays at -> relative adverbs
 

5.PRONOUN 

A pronoun is used instead of a noun, to avoid repeating the noun.
Examples: I, you, he, she, it, we, they,etc.

Pronoun divided into : 

1.Personal Pronouns

2.Demonstrative Pronouns

3.Possessive Pronouns

4.Interrogative Pronouns

5.Relative Pronouns

6.Indefinite Pronouns

6.Reflexive Pronouns

7.Intensive Pronouns

8.Reciprocal Pronouns

Examples of  Pronoun sentences:

• I like Sarah. She is a doctor –> Personal
  
• Those are my pencils. These are yours –> Demonstrative
• This is my car. That is yours –> Possessive
• What is your name? –> Interrogative
• The man who called you is my uncle –> Relative
• Someone knocked at the door –> Indefinite
• I cut myself with a knife –> Reflexive
• Henry himself told me so –> Intensive
• They love each other –> Reciprocal
 

 6.CONJUNTION
A conjunction joins two words, phrases or sentences together.Examples: but, so, and, because, or,etc.

Conjunctions devided into :
1.Coordinating Conjunction
2.Sub-Ordinating Conjunctions

examples of conjuntion sentences:

• You and I will go to Bali tomorrow –> Coordinating
• He said that he could pick me up –> Sub-ordinating  

7.PREPOSITION

A preposition usually comes before a noun, pronoun or noun phrase. It joins the noun to some other part of the sentence.Examples: on, in, by, with, under, through, at,etc.

Prepositions devided into :

1.Simple Prepositions : in, on, to, in,etc.

2.Double Prepositions :  into, onto, from under,etc.

3.Compound Prepositions : across, along, behind, about,etc.

4.Participial Prepositions : pending, during, notwithstanding, considering,etc.

5.Prepositional Phrase : because of, by means of, in the name of, by the name of,etc.

6.Disguised Prepositions :o’clock, o’lantern, a-hunting,etc.

8.INTERJECTION

An interjection is an unusual kind of word, because it often stands alone. Interjections are words which express emotion or surprise, and they are usually followed by exclamation marks.
Examples: Farewell!,Bravo!,Well done!,Ouch!, Hello!, Hurray!, Oh no!, Ha!,Hush!,Dear me! etc.